6. Rule of Law

 

The Gita is about maintaining harmony within the inner world while the law is about maintaining order in the outer world. Any karma has two parts; one is the intent and the other is execution. In criminal law, they are known by the Latin expressions mens rea and actus reus, respectively.

For example, a surgeon and a murderer both plunge a knife into someone’s stomach. The surgeon’s intention is to heal, whereas the murderer intends to kill. Death may occur in both situations, but their intentions are entirely opposite.

Gita is eternal whereas law is situational. Driving on the left side of the road is legal in one country and may be an offence in another. Law is black and white, but not life which has many grey areas. The Gita helps us navigate these difficulties.

Law is very comfortable as long as we perform actions which are within the defined parameters of the law of the land. For example, when we pay taxes (actus reus), the law is not concerned about whether it was done with pleasure or pain (mens rea). If someone is thinking of committing a crime, the law would be helpless to stop that thinking. On the other hand, as per the Gita, we should drop even such thinking or intention. 

Gita says, be aware of karma when it is at the intention stage as we don’t have any control once it goes to execution. It’s similar to the saying that a tree can be shaped when it is still young.

While the focus of the law is on execution, contemporary moral literature encourages us to have noble intentions. But Gita exhorts us to transcend beyond intentions and tells us to drop desire as well as intention (kaam-sankalp-varjitah).

When intention -good or bad, meets with success or failure, it triggers a reaction. Either ahankaar may grow stronger or internal tension builds up like lava. Neither situation is desirable as they take us away from the eternal state of our inner self.

The solution is to observe our intentions so that we can transcend them to reach the eternal state of our inner self.